Course Descriptions

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE
AS 3133 Business Management
This course covers the basic techniques for the management and analysis of small business operations, including the use of profit and loss statements, balance sheets, cash flow analysis, and break-even analysis. Also covered will be the problems of starting a new business and the development of general business strategies, business organization, and accounting techniques for payroll, inventories, cash management, and cost control.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Junior status alternate years even

ADVENTURE EDUCATION
AE 1003 Physical Fitness and Wellness
This course is designed to introduce students to components of lifetime fitness and wellness. Fitness components include assessment in the following areas: cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Individual testing will be performed in each area. Students will design a personalized fitness plan based on results of testing. Wellness components will cover nutrition, cardiovascular disease and cancer prevention, stress management, and substance abuse. These components will be taught through lecture, self assessment, and professional speakers.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

AE 1012 Rock Climbing
This 8 week course covers fundamentals of rock climbing. Students will work on the indoor climbing wall and outdoor cliffs learning belaying techniques, construction of anchor and safety systems, and movement skills. Students will participate in two single day climbing trips to be held on Saturdays or Sundays, scheduled in appropriate weather and at an appropriate time within the course structure.
Credits: 2  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None
 
AE 1022 Wilderness Camping and Travel
There will be both a canoe tripping and a backpacking section to this course. Each section will have its own trip. Students will analyze the basic wilderness skills that are common to these activities (nutrition and food concerns, equipment selection and use, hazards, Leave No Trace skills, group management skills and trip-planning) as well as those skills and techniques unique to each activity (load carrying and movement on steep terrain etc. in backpacking and paddling skills, etc. in canoe tripping).
Credits: 2  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Concurrent OBWS Enrollment

AE 1042 Beginning Cross Country Skiing 
This 8 week course is an introduction to cross country skiing and to basic winter hazards and survival. Special emphasis is on general preparedness for a winter environment. Topics include clothing and equipment, flat track techniques, techniques for skiing uphill and downhill, hypothermia and frostbite, avalanche, emergency shelters, and group safety awareness. This course is a combination of classroom and field experiences that will take place on three weekend days during the semester.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

AE 1051 Sea Kayaking 
This 4 week course is an introduction to sea kayaking. Students will learn the basics of equipment, proper packing techniques, strokes, and ocean navigation in a flat water setting. Upon demonstration of adequate skills, the course will move to the ocean where students will spend a two day weekend sea kayaking.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None
Fee $150.00

AE 108X Intermediate Outdoor Skills 
This course offers alternative skills based educational experiences for students interested in adventure education. Topics proposed will be deemed to be of special interest to students. Potential topics include caving, sailing, mountain biking, winter camping or survival, canoe instructor certification, ice climbing, river or rock rescue, and trail construction. The course may be 1 to 3 credits depending on the topic. Depending on qualifications, topics could be taught by student leaders.
Credits: 1-3 Offered by arrangement
Prerequisite: None

AE 2003 Outdoor Adventure Education 
The purpose of this course is to engage students in the breadth, depth, and scope of outdoor recreation and adventure education. Potential topics include the history and philosophy of adventure education/outdoor recreation; components of leadership; skills, competencies, and qualifications of the outdoor recreation professional; the basics trip planning; professional organizations. Includes a weekend field trip led by students from the Leadership class. May include other field trips.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: None

AE 2043 Universal Programming in Adventure Education and Recreation 
This course is designed to acquaint students with developmental disabilities. Students will learn characteristics of specific disabilities and appropriate activities and procedure for including all populations in outdoor adventure activities. The class will include historical, theoretical and philosophical perspectives concerning the inclusion of all populations in all aspects of society. In lab sessions, students will work with people with disabilities in an outdoor education and recreation setting.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

AE 2062  Whitewater Canoeing
This 7 week course covers the skills necessary for canoeing on whitewater. Topics include equipment, clothing selection, safety factors, strokes, river reading, self-rescue and basic rescue, and group management. The course also includes a weekend whitewater canoeing field trip.
Credits: 2   Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

AE 208X Advanced Outdoor Skills 
This course offers alternative skills based educational experiences for students interested in adventure education. Topics proposed will be of special interest to students. Potential topics include caving, sailing, mountain biking, winter camping or survival, canoe instructor certification, river or rock rescue, Leave No Trace (LNT) certification, or trail construction. This course may be 1 to 3 credits. Depending on qualifications, topics could be taught by student leaders.
Credits: 1-3 Offered by arrangement
Prerequisite: None

AE 2122  Intermediate Rock Climbing
Intermediate rock climbing assumes prior introductory knowledge of top-rope anchor construction as well as the basics of belaying and knot tying. The course will focus on top-rope climbing systems and site management, learning to place rock protection, support lead climbers as a second, and cover beginning leading skills. Students will gain experience in face and crack climbing, placing protection, anchoring, and moving efficiently as a team member on multi-pitch climbs, and getting down again. The course covers risk management and limitations of climbing systems. This course is for climbers with basic climbing skills gained on small cliffs to become effective and safe leaders of beginner groups.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: AE 1012 or consent Alternate years odd

AE 2132 Winter Mountaineering 
Winter mountaineering teaches basic technical climbing skills in a winter environment. Skills covered include snow and ice travel, winter anchor and belaying systems. Part of the course uses ice climbing to focus on learning and being comfortable with climbing systems, climbing movement, and the winter environment. The course is meant for students with prior knowledge of basic anchor construction, belaying, and movement skills gained in other courses or through recreational climbing, who are ready to move to the next level. Prior ice climbing experience is not required. Topics include clothing selection, physical conditioning, the nature of ice, ice climbing movement and protection skills as well as avalanches and the alpine environment.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: AE 1012 or consent  Alternate years odd

AE 2184  Introduction to Challenge Courses
This course is designed to teach students the techniques involved in facilitating low and high challenge courses. Students will experience a variety of activities including new games, initiatives, and the high and low challenge courses. Topics will include the use, care and maintenance of challenge course apparatus, safety techniques, and sequencing of activities. Skill development in the areas of facilitation and debriefing will be stressed. Students plan, conduct and evaluate either a high or low Challenge Course experience during this course.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: Sophomore status

AE 2213  Wilderness Expeditionary Skills
This is a leadership-related course with a focus on developing outdoor skills related to living in and traveling through the backcountry in winter and spring. Students will learn techniques of planning, organizing, and leading backcountry trips. Specific skills include trip planning, menu planning, expedition behavior, outdoor cookery, selection of gear and clothing, winter camping and travel, campsite management, emergency response and advanced navigation.
Credits: 3   Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: Concurrent OBWS enrollment

AE 308X  Trip Leadership
This course is designed for students with appropriate qualifications to arrange, under the supervision of a faculty member, to assist in leading trips. Typically, students work as assistant instructors in courses such as Wilderness Camping and Travel, Rockclimbing, Whitewater Canoeing and others. This course is repeatable with a different topic.
Credits: 1-2   Offered by arrangement
Prerequisites: Consent of instructor

AE 314X Expeditionary Experience 
In this course students may work with faculty to plan and carry out an extended expedition involving outdoor pursuits such as backpacking, paddling, mountaineering, etc., throughout the world. Students will be required to complete an application process to join the expedition team. Faculty and students will meet as needed, to plan and implement the expedition. This course may be used to fulfill the Leadership Skills component of the Adventure Education Leadership program.
Credits: 1-4 Offered by arrangement
Prerequisites: Consent of instructor

AE 3204 Leadership 
This course is designed to examine the theories, principles, and practices of leadership in a wilderness environment. Experience from the pre-course trip and from personal trip leading experience is used as a basis for understanding leadership theory. Students will be expected to be involved in leading trips, or equivalent experience. The course will begin with a 6–10 day experience in August.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: AE 2003, AE 2213, PY 2113
Fee: $200

AE 3233 Adventure Therapy Programs  
This course is designed to introduce students to outdoor programs that deal with people with psychological disabilities. Students will learn the characteristics of certain disabilities and will examine various therapeutic wilderness programs developed to work with specific groups, such as people who have been abused, who have post traumatic stress disorder, or who are patients in psychiatric hospitals. The course will include a section on professional ethics.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I,
Prerequisites: PY 2113, AE 2184 alternate years even

AE 4223  Counseling Theories for Wilderness Programming
This course presents the basic issues of counseling in a wilderness setting with its limitations and potentials. Students will be introduced to therapeutic counseling models: Reality Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, and a trans-theoretical model for wilderness-based counseling. The course is a combination of theory, application and practice in which the students will be introduced to the philosophy and concepts of counseling in a wilderness setting as well as developing skills in each of the specific models mentioned above. This course will include a section on professional ethics in counseling.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: PY 1003 or PY 1013 Alternate years even

AE 4403 Theoretical Perspectives of Outdoor Adventure Recreation and Education
This course covers topics including, but not limited to, the theory, history or philosophy of experiential education, of challenge or adventure education, of recreation and outdoor adventure recreation; the professionalism of outdoor adventure recreation/education; psychological/sociological aspects of outdoor recreation research issues and current issues in the profession. Students are expected each week to read articles or book chapters, and to be able to discuss the topics. Students will also be expected to write expository or analysis/synthesis papers of varying lengths and perhaps to give an oral presentation. Students may be asked to make a presentation at, or to attend, a professional conference or other professional meeting.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: Junior status Alternate years even

ANTHROPOLOGY
AN 1123 Cultural Anthropology 
This is a study of culture as a human creation: its origins, development or evolution, and possible future. The course covers the range of variation in human life-styles and basic cultural similarities. There will be an examination of selected tribal, peasant, and industrial cultures, with an emphasis on how biological, cultural, and ecological factors shape them. Comparative technology, kinship, social structure, religion, magic, art, economics, cultural change, and applied anthropology will be discussed.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: LR 1013 Alternate years even

AN 2033 North American Indians
This course discusses the past and present conditions of Native Americans north of Mexico. Their physical and archaeological origins and linguistic affiliations will be discussed. Selected descriptions of several tribes, histories and present situations, white myths and Indian realities, Native American magic, religion and spirituality, land claims; pan-Indianism, and politics are also included in this course.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

AN 3003 A Sense of Place as a WRite of Passage 
This course is designed to develop in the individual a sense of place through journaling and experiencing close ties with the natural world, both vicariously through literature and first-hand through experiential exercises.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: IC 1111 or IC 1113 and consent Alternate years odd

AN 3443 Researching Local Places
In this course students gain hands-on experience using the techniques of archaeology, oral history, archival research and naturalist studies to create new information about local landscapes and heritages. Student researchers explore local natural and cultural ecosystems, discover local knowledge and wisdom, and use their research results to create new understandings and meanings. While the research experiences are limited to local sites and people, the methods learned can be applied locally anywhere.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Junior status or consent Alternate years even

Aquaculture and Fisheries
AF 1003 International Aquaculture 
A survey course designed to introduce students to the wide diversity of aquatic organisms cultured for food, sport, and ornamental value. We will study aquaculture systems from different parts of the world and discuss some of the current research trends in the field.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

AF 2111 Systems Management in Aquaculture
This is a course intended for familiarizing students in the aquaculture major with large-scale aquaculture systems, particularly the complex day-to-day operations. There will be no prescribed textbook; instead seventy-five percent of the course will be taught by technical experts in the field of aquaculture. The method of delivery will be in the form of guest lectures.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: AF 1003

AF 2112 Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of Fish 
External anatomy, organs, and major systems of important fish species. These systems will also be dealt with at the cellular level. This course provides the basic background for both Fish Disease/Pathology and Applied Fish Physiology.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: BI 1014

AF 3114 Principles of Aquaculture 
The mechanics of controlling biological and physical environment of aquatic organisms at the mass production scale is the subject matter covered in this course. Computer simulations of pond-stocking levels and feeding schedules as well as exercises in designing and siting hatchery and rearing facilities will be discussed in lecture and laboratory meetings. Two one-day field trips are planned.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 1024, AF 1003 Alternate years odd

AF 3313 Applied Fish Physiology 
The physiological basis for control and manipulation of fish reproduction and growth will be examined in this course. Lectures will briefly examine the hormone and enzyme systems of various fish families as they occur in a natural setting and develop in detail an understanding for the role these systems play in successful aquaculture. The use of diet additives, manipulated photoperiods, and hormone-induced spawning will be some of the topics discussed.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: AF 2112 and either BI 3233 or BI 3254 Alternate years odd

AF 3324 Fisheries Science and Techniques 
Successful fish management is based on careful evaluation of fish populations. This course is designed to teach the methods of fish assessment, from sampling of individuals to evaluation of stock characteristics. Students will learn to use a variety of sampling gear and will become familiar with the analytical techniques of sample collection and processing. The second half of the course is devoted to fishery science, which means using the data collected to assess fish populations. Freshwater and marine fisheries are discussed, as well as the problems of both commercial and recreational fisheries. Laboratories emphasize fish collection, sample processing, and research planning. Long day trips can be expected. Two weekend trips will be planned.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: EH 1113, BI 1024, CS 1222 or CS 1232, MA 2243 and Junior status

AF 3334 Fish Disease/Pathology 
Detailed discussion of the etiology, distribution, epizootiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, therapy, and control of the principal diseases of major cultivated species of cold water and warm water fish.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: BI 1024, AF 2112, BI 3654 Alternate years even

AF 4343 Fish Disease/Diagnostic Techniques 
Methods for the diagnosis of the principal diseases of bacterial, mycotic, nutritional, parasitic, and viral etiology in cultured and wild fish will be discussed in detail. Collection and preservation of samples of fish and fish tissue for diagnostic purposes and necropsy procedures will be emphasized.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: AF 3334 Alternate years odd

ART
AR 1013 Fundamental Drawing 
The course develops the process of drawing from reality, stressing both skill and individual expression by exploring volume, space, form, value, and materials.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None

AR 1023 Basic Pottery 
Basic pottery is a hands-on studio class using clay as a means of expressing the self in the environment. A variety of hand building, wheel forming, surface finishing, glazing and firing techniques will be explored. At the same time, how artisans in other times and other cultures used clay and how the objects they made functioned in their respective societies will be considered.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None

AR 2003 Introduction to Drama 
This course will investigate the drama as literature and as theatrical production, with special emphasis on the great periods of Western theatre. Representative plays from ancient Greek to modern times, including Japanese Noh plays, will be read and discussed in terms of production characteristics. Various methods of play production, stagecraft, costuming, lighting, etc. will be studied. Trips to theatre productions will be a required part of the course.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

AR 2013 Fundamental Painting 
An introductory course designed to establish a working familiarity with traditional forms of oil painting. The semester will be based on painting from actual conditions. How to see and interpret color and form through practical problems of methods and skills.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

AR 2023 Black and White Photography 
This introductory course focuses on teaching basic camera use, exposure, film and print chemistry, darkroom techniques, and drymounting. Special attention will be devoted to learning how to “see” qualities of light and composition photographically. Students should be prepared to supply their own 35mm camera and film.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

AR 2033 Fundamental Sculpture 
This course explores the texture, forms, and substance of a variety of traditional and nontraditional materials. Strong emphasis is placed on concepts of three-dimensional design and how sculpture relates to the history of ideas.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None Alternate years odd

AR 2113 Creative Writing 
In this experiential course, students improve their use of creative writing techniques including: metaphor, characterization, and voice, while exploring innovations in form and the writing process. Emphasis will be placed on revision and fostering a productive workshop environment. Topics for this course might include: sense of place, songwriting, or specific genres such as poetry, drama, and the short story. This course may be repeated for credit if a student chooses a different topic.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: EH 1113

AR 2123 Designing with Nature 
Using natural materials found in landscapes, students will explore principles of aesthetics and design through drawing and other media.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

AR 3033 Environmental Photography 
This is a project oriented course which may include nature and wildlife photography, but also may focus on photo documentation of environmental problems or projects, landscape portraiture, or social aspects of environmental issues.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: AR 2023 Alternate years odd

AR 3133 Topics in Art History 
This course explores the major ideas of expression as they developed chronologically from prehistoric to modern times. Ideas are not treated as entities but rather as products of their interrelated political, social, economic and religious environments. Emphasis is placed not on “learning the truth” but on learning what people in the past believed to be true, since those beliefs usually motivated acts traditionally regarded as history.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: EH 1113 Alternate years odd

AR 3213 Advanced Drawing
This course builds on the skills developed in Fundamental Drawing continuing to stress both technical skill and individual expression. The emphasis will be on the figure, perspective and developing a sustained drawing.
Credits: 3   Offered Semester II,
Prerequisite: AR 1013   Alternate years odd

BIOLOGY
BI 1001 Introduction to Marine Science
In this course students will investigate the breadth of fields that comprise marine science and how each of these fields applies the scientific method. Methods of investigation will include weekend field trips, guest lectures and projects and will expose the student to current ‘hot topics” in the field.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

BI 1014 Biology I: Cellular and Organismal Function 
Biology I is a traditional investigation of the origin and chemistry of life, cell structure, cell reproduction, cellular metabolism and energetics including photosynthesis, respiration, communication and information storage, and the basics of taxonomy and systematics. These topics all demonstrate the uniformity of life. The main objective of the course is to prepare students to meet the challenges of advanced environmental science courses. Dissection of fresh and preserved organisms is required.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: EH 1113 or concurrent enrollment

BI 1024 Biology II: Evolution and Diversity 
Biology II is a continuation of Biology I, where students will explore the characteristics of selected organisms and their adaptations to habit and habitat. Topics will include genetics, reproduction, embryology, aspects of internal and external physiology, and analysis of similarities and differences between major taxonomic groups. Students will complete Biology II with basic skills of preprofessional biologists. Dissection of fresh and preserved organisms is required.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II and II
Prerequisite: BI 1014

BI 2004 General Ecology 
This course is a survey of ecological principles and practice, designed for students with a serious interest in the subject. It will provide not only general principles and ideas of ecology, but also introduce theoretical concepts and simple mathematical models, as they function to give insight and facilitate prediction. The course will also expose students to the basic tools of an ecologist – sampling techniques, experimental design, methods of data analysis, and interpretation of data.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: BI 1024, MA 2243 or concurrent enrollment

BI 2033 Marine Biology 
Marine Biology is the study of life in the sea. Text materials in the course emphasize the nature of the ocean environment, the origin and development of life in the sea, principles of productivity, benthic and pelagic life forms, and food from the sea. Laboratories offer a comprehensive introduction to marine ecosystems and ecological relationships. Groups covered include plankton, algae and seaweeds, invertebrates, fishes, seabirds, and marine mammals. Field trips to rock shores, salt marshes, and other coastal sites are included. One weekend field trip will be scheduled.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: BI 1024

BI 2043 Dendrology 
Dendrology is the study of woody plants. This course introduces the identification, nomenclature, and ecology of woody plants of New England. Students will become proficient at identifying native trees and shrubs by learning the use of a key and by learning field recognition characteristics of the plants.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

BI 2053 Systematic Botany 
This course emphasizes vascular plants and includes classification and nomenclature principles, evolutionary principles and processes as they relate to systematics (speciation mechanisms, fossil record, etc.), a survey of plant families and geographic distribution. In lab, students will learn family recognition and practice species identification through use of keys. A herbarium collection will be required of each student.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: BI 1024 Alternate years even

BI 2303 Cell Biology
This course investigates the structure and function of eukaryotic cells. We will emphasize the structure and function of cellular components including cell walls, cell membranes, cell junctions, chloroplasts, mitochondria, nuclei, cellular matrix and the cytoskeleton. We will also investigate methods of cellular metabolism, reproduction and the origins of life.
Credits: 3   Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: BI 1024

BI 3003 Research Methods and Design 
This course is an introduction to research methods in the sciences. Its goals are to improve your ability to evaluate research conducted and reported by others and to provide you with the basic skills needed to design, conduct and analyze your own research project. Literature search, review and critique, logic of studying comparatively, development of hypotheses, experimental and non-experimental design, data development and analysis, presentation of results, and manuscript preparation will be addressed. Senior Thesis I students will complete a project proposal.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: Junior status, MA 2243 

BI 3133 Environmental Plant Physiology 
Plant physiology examines the processes of growth, development, and reproduction in vascular plants, asking “How do plants work?” and “How do plants fit into their environments?” Viewing physiology from the whole-plant (as opposed to cellular) level, the course will cover basic physiology, anatomy as it relates to physiology, and will emphasize the plant’s relation to its environment throughout. Topics will include carbon balance (photosynthesis and respiration), water relations, mineral nutrition, growth and reproductive processes, plus responses to environmental stress or pollution. The labs will include experiments on photosynthesis, respiration, germination, and hormonal responses, and observation of plant growth under different environmental conditions.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 1024, CH 1104, or consent 

BI 3173 Animal Behavior 
This course deals with the study of genetics, physiology, and ecology of animal behavior in an evolutionary context. Behavioral adaptations are discussed with particular reference to their ecological significance.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 1024 

BI 3184 Freshwater Ecology/Limnology 
Freshwater ecology/limnology entails the study of aquatic organisms in relation to the environmental conditions of lakes and streams. Lotic and lentic waters will be characterized and contrasted. The physical, chemical, and biotic components of these systems will be dealt with in detail in the lectures. Laboratory exercises will be oriented toward the identification of the biota and water chemistry.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: BI 1024 and either BI 2004 or GL 2003

BI 3233 Ichthyology 
The course deals with the morphology, physiology, and ecology of freshwater marine fishes. Structure and function, evolution, and behavior of fish are all discussed in the framework of adaptation to the environment. Laboratories offer the opportunity to examine fish morphology and behavior at close range. Two weekend field trips are planned.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: BI 1024

BI 3243 General Genetics 
Genetics is the science that examines the nature of the “blueprint” of genes as well as the mechanism from which the “blueprint” is transmitted from generation to generation. Emphasis is placed upon higher organisms. Mendelian genetics is reviewed along with such modifications as linkage, sex linkage, and inheritance of sex and linkage. Emphasis is placed on the exploration of quantitative inheritance and population genetics, topics important to majors in the environmental sciences.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 1024, MA 2243 and Junior status

BI 3253 Invertebrate Zoology
In this course the diversity of invertebrate groups will be examined, and the evolutionary trends, which they illustrate, investigated. Highlighted groups will include sponges, annelids, mollusks, arthropods and echinoderms. Patterns in the development, ecology and evolution of these organisms will be investigated.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 1024 beginning 2008

BI 3254 Comparative Animal Physiology 
By comparing different animals and how they function in different environments you will develop an understanding of the underlying principles of physiology. You will investigate such physiological processes as digestion, respiration, circulation, muscle and nerve function, ion regulation, and energetics. You will also determine how these processes are specialized in different animals.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 1024

BI 3273 Mammalogy 
This course examines the anatomy, physiology, behavior, and ecology of mammals with emphasis on the adaptability of each feature. Classification, museum specimen preparation, and field/laboratory experimentation are stressed in laboratory.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: BI 1024

BI 3283 Ornithology
Birds and their adaptations to flight have intrigued humans throughout history. This course focuses on the physiological and structural adaptations that have allowed birds to be successful in their various environments. Some time is devoted to avian evolution, reproduction, and ecology. The laboratory reinforces selected lecture topics and visual identification of regional birds.
 Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 1024 and Junior Status

BI 3323 Conservation Biology 
Conservation Biology examines the diversity of organisms. This course examines the theory and practice of nature conservation, preservation, restoration, and management. Conservation Biology stresses management of ecosystems and habitats to carry out population conservation. Specific concepts include the conservation implications of minimum viable populations, extinction and re-colonization processes, habitat fragmentation and conservation areas.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 2004 Alternate years odd

BI 3464 Advanced Ecology 
An understanding of how animal and plant populations interact with their environment and with each other is central to many biological disciplines. This upper-level course includes the study of population, growth, limiting factors, competition, predation, and community structure emphasizing evolutionary interactions throughout. The laboratories provide opportunities to collect and analyze data and to become familiar with the uses of mathematics and computers in ecology. How ecological principles influence our actions is illustrated by using examples from resource management or conservation biology where possible.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: MA 2243, BI 2004 

BI 3654 Microbiology 
Microorganisms are a vital, but mostly unseen, component of the environment in which we live. They cause most serious diseases of higher organisms, and are primarily responsible for recycling of dead organic materials into basic chemical components that can be reused by subsequent generations. Since microorganisms can only be seen and handled in special ways, emphasis is placed not only on their life histories and peculiarities, but also upon methods of observing and handling them. Some aspects of genetic analysis, peculiar to certain organisms, are considered as well.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 1024, CH 1104 Alternate years odd 
BI 4013 Marine Ecology
In this three week field experience and advanced course, material covered in BI 2033 Marine Biology, BI 3253 Invertebrate Zoology, and ES 3013 Oceanography will be synthesized to allow us to understand the ecological relationships of marine organisms within their environment.
Credits: 3 Offered May Session
Prerequisites: Junior Status   Alternate years even beginning 2008
Fee: $600-$1000

BI 4243 Themes in Marine Macrovertebrate Biology
In this thematic course, the biology of whales, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks and other marine macrovertebrates may be covered. Topics will include their physiological adaptations to marine life and their ecological role(s) within their ecosystems. This course may be repeated for credit with a different topic.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 2033  Alternate years even beginning 2008

CHEMISTRY
CH 1104 General Chemistry I 
The first part of a two-semester course designed to provide an introduction to the nature and properties of matter at the atomic and molecular level. Topics covered will include chemical problem solving, measurement, significant figures, components of matter, aqueous solutions, origin of atoms, structure of atoms, structure and reactivity of molecules, and chemical reactions.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: LR 1123

CH 1114 General Chemistry II 
The second part of a two-semester course designed to provide an introduction to the nature and properties of matter at the atomic and molecular level. Topics covered will include thermodynamics (enthalpy and entropy), chemical equilibrium, acid-base chemistry, electrochemistry, and chemical kinetics.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: CH 1104

CH 2324 Organic Chemistry 
This class focuses on the diverse chemistry of carbon compounds, with emphasis on those of importance in the biological and environmental sciences. The laboratory will consist of the synthesis and characterization of a wide variety of organic compounds.
Credits: 4                     Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: CH 1114 Alternate years even 

CH 2334 Analytical Chemistry 
Introduction to the separation and quantitative estimation of inorganic and organic materials. Class work will stress stoichiometry and statistical analysis in analytical chemistry, as well as description and theory of analytical techniques. Laboratory will include a variety of titrimetric methods, some optical methods, and separation by chromatographic techniques.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: CH 1114 

COMPUTER SCIENCE
CS 1222 Introduction to Computers 
This course introduces Microsoft Windows-based computers, and the application software categories of word processing, spreadsheet, database and presentation. The emphasis of this class is on the concepts and hands-on teaching of computing and problem solving. The internet, as well as e-mail etiquette, web browsers, web search, and desktop operating systems will also be introduced. Networking, telecommunications, computer ethics, computer-related careers, and the history of the computer are also covered. Concepts and procedures will be introduced and discussed in the lecture prior to the hands-on lab where students apply learned skills.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None 

CS 1232 Foundations of Computing: Web-based
This course introduces software for Microsoft Windows-based computers for word processing, spreadsheet, database and presentation applications. The course emphasizes concepts and hands-on computation and problem solving using Performance-Based Training and Assessment Modules. All test and training modules will be available only during regularly scheduled class hours. Students must have prior knowledge and skills in software applications to enroll in this class.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None 

CS 2233 Web Design and Student Digital Portfolios
This class will deal with the internet’s history while introducing many tools for the internet. Students will learn to define buzzwords, get the most out of time-on-line, and construct web pages with HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). Each student will design a digital portfolio including a collection of their own work exhibiting the student’s academic efforts, self-reflection, progress and achievements. Students will collect and organize different media types using hypertext links.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: CS 1222 Alternate years even
 
CS 3133 Desktop Geographic Information Systems
This course presents the concepts upon which Geographic Information System technology is based. Conceptual overview and hands-on experience of advanced display, analysis, and presentation mapping functions are introduced. To become a successful GIS software user, student will use ArcGIS to symbolize and label maps, classify data, query maps, analyze spatial relationships, set map projections, build spatial database, edit data, geocode address, and make map layouts. Lectures and labs include the components of the graphical user interface and learn how GIS documents are used to display and query different kinds of spatial information.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: CS 1222 or CS 1232

CONSERVATION LAW ENFORCEMENT
CL 1003 Introduction to Criminal Justice 
This course provides an introduction to the components and processes of the criminal justice system in the United States. Topics include history, structure, function, and philosophy of our system of justice and how it integrates into everyday life in our society. Students will discuss our justice system’s historic English roots, the evolution of American law, and a variety of law enforcement agencies, including their distinctive operational characteristics. Particular attention will be given to conservation officers and their specialized role in resource protection.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

CL 1013 Introduction to Conservation Law Enforcement 
This course is an overview of the conservation law enforcement profession. The dual role of the modern conservation officer as law enforcement officer and protector of our natural resources is stressed. A wide variety of professional roles are examined, including game warden, park ranger, forest ranger, environmental enforcement officer and marine law enforcement officer. Laboratory sessions focus on applied skills such as map and compass use, outdoor survival, and search and rescue techniques.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

CL 2001 Firearms Training 
This course covers the handling, use, and maintenance of firearms by law enforcement officers. Loading techniques, cleaning methods, and inspection procedures of service weapons used by law enforcement agencies will also be covered. Students will receive range experience and qualify on a police firing range (using State of Maine standards) with each weapon. Firearm safety will be stressed throughout the course along with State of Maine laws on liability, personal responsibility, gun control, concealed weapons, and self-defense.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: Sophomore status

CL 2033 Marine Law Enforcement 
This course covers the history, evolution, principles and contemporary applications of marine law enforcement operations including specialized federal and state agencies. Topics include sources of substantive law, classification of crimes, parties to crime, elements of crimes, matters of criminal responsibility, commercial and recreational violations, environmental issues and other related topics. Upon completion, students should be able to discuss the sources of law and identity, interpret, and apply the appropriate statues, codes and elements.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: CL 1003 and Sophomore status Alternate years odd

CL 2113 Wildlife Law Enforcement 
This course covers the history, evolution, principles and contemporary applications of wildlife law and variations of conservation wildlife law enforcement including specialized applications found in the National Park Service and United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Topics include sources of substantive law, classification of crimes, parties to crime, elements of crimes, matter of criminal responsibility, custom crime, commercial and recreational violations, environmental issues, illegal trade an other related topics. Upon completion, students should be able to discuss the sources of law and identity, interpret, and apply the appropriate statutes, codes, and elements.
Credit: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: CL 1003 and Sophomore status

CL 2123 Community Relations and Ethics 
This course will cover the necessary cooperation and interaction that occurs between various law enforcement agencies and communities or populations they serve, giving special consideration to customs, race, gender, and unique circumstances. In addition, students will consider ethical and accepted standards found within various enforcement organizations. Topics include ethical decision-making; social change, subcultures, values and norms, cultural diversity, citizen involvement in justice issues, and other related topics. Upon completion, students should be able to apply ethical considerations to the decision making process in various law enforcement situations.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: Sophomore status Alternate years even

CL 3013 Courtroom Procedure and Evidence 
This course covers judicial structure, process and procedure from incident to disposition, kinds and degrees of evidence, and the rules governing admissibility of evidence in court. Topics include consideration of state and federal courts, arrest, search and seizure laws, exclusionary and statutory rules of evidence, court systems and other related issues. Upon completion, students should be able to identify and discuss procedures necessary for lawful search or arrest, proper judicial procedures, admissibility of evidence, selected applications of the law, the basic procedure of the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights, and other judicial procedures as interpreted by the courts.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Junior status

CL 3224  Crime Scene and Investigative Techniques
This course covers basic and special techniques employed in investigative interviews and interrogations, including interpretation of verbal and physical behavior and legal perspectives. In addition, this course introduces the theories and fundamentals of the investigative process. Topics include hands-on laboratory work, crime scene incident processing, information gathering techniques, collection and preservation of evidence, preparation of appropriate reports, court presentations, and other related areas. Upon completion, students should be able to identify, explain, and demonstrate the techniques of the investigative process, report preparation, and court presentation.
Credits: 4   Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: CL 3013 and Junior status

CL 3233  Issues in Law Enforcement
This course introduces research techniques, debating styles and useful strategies appropriate for conservation and traditional forms of law enforcement. Emphasis is placed on locating, developing and analyzing data for written presentation and a debate form. Upon completion, students should be able to synthesize information from primary and secondary sources and provide logical conclusions supporting a particular view or argument.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: Junior status

CL 4403  Conservation Law Enforcement Supervision and Management
This course introduces the components and functions of supervision and management as they apply to conservation law enforcement and other enforcement agencies of the criminal justice system. Topics include operations, functions of organizations, recruiting, training, and retention of personnel, funding and budgeting, communications, span of control and discretion, and other related topics. Upon completion, students should be able to identify and discuss the basic components and functions of various enforcement organizations and their supervisory and managerial operations.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: Junior status 

CL 4503  Conservation Law Enforcement Capstone
This course will provide an opportunity for students to apply the knowledge and skills they have learned in previous courses to a series of cases involving conservation law enforcement operations. This course will emphasize real-life problem solving strategies and incident management. Operating in teams, students will draw upon a wide range of subjects applying knowledge rooted in wildlife management, administration, communications, investigative sciences and broad-based concepts of environmental stewardship to make oral and written presentations. Upon completion of the course, students will have the confidence and ability to resolve a variety of issues facing conservation law enforcement officers.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: CL 3013, CL 3224 and Senior status

ECONOMICS
EC 2013 Introduction to Economics and Economic Criticism 
This course examines the basic principles of neo-classical economics. It includes supply-demand theory, consumer choice theory and theory of the firm. Macroeconomic and trade theories are also introduced. In each case students briefly examine the major alternate points of view. Students solve basic problems and perform calculations using the theories learned.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: MA 1223 or MA 2243 Alternate years odd

EC 2023 Economics of Resource Conservation and Sustainability
This course introduces students to the problem of sustainability through the viewpoint of economics. Topics include the history of economic thought, the contemplation of sustainability thinking as an ethical proposition; the tradition of sustained yield management and its application through land management policy; the tradition of Coasian environmental economics and its application through pollution control policy; and the emerging concern of ecological economics and its application through policy attempts to control climate change, reform energy production, and stem biodiversity loss. No prior economic training is required.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: None Alternate years even

EDUCATION
ED 2014  Foundations of Education
This course is an overview of the various ways of educating within American educational institutions, to include socialization processes. Analyzes current education practices in terms of history, philosophy, and socio-cultural factors of formal and informal learning. Emphasizes trends, issues, and potential alternatives. Requires twelve hours field experience in public schools.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

ED 2102  Educational Field Practicum I
Students will participate in 25 hours of field experience in grade 7-12 public school science classrooms.  Participation will primarily focus on multiple observations, but may also include student tutoring, assisting in science laboratories, and performing research. During the weekly seminar, students will develop the required reflection process required for student teacher certification. They will also develop their professional portfolios and demonstrate an understanding of the Maine State Standards for teacher certification. 
Credits:  2 Offered Semester I & II
Prerequisites: Passing scores on the State of Maine Praxis I exams and
enrollment in the teacher certification program.

ED 2113  Instruction and Evaluation Design
This course covers the design, implementation and evaluation of programs. Goals, objectives, instructional design, analysis outcomes, and evaluation will be covered. Resources, delivery methods, and delivery media will be explored. Emphasis will be placed on students developing the skills and knowledge necessary to plan and carry out programs. Students will have opportunities to give program presentations. Each student will complete 5 hours of approved observation of programs.
Credits: 3 Offered Semesters I
Prerequisite: Sophomore status

ED 3013  Peer Education and Leadership
Students in this course will actively collaborate with faculty of activity-based courses to design, deliver, and assess course activities. Programming opportunities will be conducted through the courses being peer led, including The Unity Experience. Students will gain hands-on experience with program logistics, facilitation, team-building, teaching, and outcomes-based assessment. Course-related activities that occur outside of the scheduled class periods will occasionally be required.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites:  Sophomore status and consent

ED 3122  Educational Field Practicum II
Students will participate in 25 hours of 7-12 public school science classrooms as lab assistants, researchers, or assistant teachers. They may develop and teach lesson plans and participate in faculty meetings or professional development activities. During the weekly seminar students will continue to develop their professional portfolio and reflective activities related to topics in professional journals.
Credits: 2 Offered Semesters I and II
Prerequisites:  ED 2102

ED 3223 Curriculum Development and Assessment
This course provides the prospective teacher with an overview of theory and research in the field of curricula, plus hands-on experience in curriculum development. Includes historical, philosophical, and sociological perspectives on both the explicit and the implicit curriculum. Exploration and guided practice in the processes of writing and evaluating curricula for local school districts is included.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: ED 2113 Alternate years even

ED 3333 Education for Exceptional Children and Youth 
This course provides an in-depth examination of both traditional and emerging perspectives in special education. The course content includes characteristics of the exceptional student. Additional topics include learning theories and styles as they relate to exceptional children, classroom and instructional management, classroom modification/accommodation, overview of state and federal laws, and family and support services. The course format is a combination of lecture, guest speakers, group activities, and field experiences. Each student will complete a 10 hour supervised practicum working with exceptional students in a local classroom.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: PY 1003 or PY 1013 

ED 3444 Teaching Science in the Secondary School
This course provides instructional strategies and general approaches to teaching science in grade 7-12. Emphasis is on professional literature, curriculum development, teaching and learning styles, and reflective teaching. The course includes science safety issues and practices. Requires twelve hours field experience in secondary schools.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: ED 2014, BI 1024 and Junior status

ED 4003 Senior Project
Students in this course complete a senior environmental education or interpretation project based on primary research and best practice standards. All projects include personal and non-personal components. After public presentations of the projects, students evaluate audience learning, revise programming, and identify further applications. Students also complete their professional environmental education portfolios in this course.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: PR 4123 Alternate years even

ENGLISH
EH 1053 Oral Communication 
This course is an introduction to the study of communication, particularly as its relates to public speaking. It includes practice in speech criticism and delivery with an emphasis on the organization and presentation of ideas. Organizing research material to be presented orally to an audience is also a feature of the course.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None

EH 1113 College Composition  
This course focuses on basic principles of composition with an emphasis on the roles that reading, thinking, and revision play in the process of composing. In addition to learning how to summarize and respond analytically to frequent reading assignments, students are expected to develop ideas of their own, primarily in short essays. Revision is stressed as a means of reevaluating the content, structure, and point of view of previous drafts. The assigned readings vary depending on the instructor. Each semester supplementary course descriptions detailing the topics offered by composition instructors are published in the course schedule.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: LR 1013 or exemption

EH 1213 Approaches to Literature 
Approaches to Literature offers the opportunity to read and discuss poetry, fiction, and drama from around the globe and across time. This survey course emphasizes critical reading and writing as ways of understanding and responding to literature. Topics covered in the class may include: What is literature?  What makes a text good?  What does literature have to tell us about ourselves?  Our environment?  Our understanding of other cultures?
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: EH 1113

EH 2073 American Literature 
This course surveys classic and contemporary work of American literature and situates them within their historical and cultural context. Topics may include women writers, Native American literature, transcendentalism, the literature of exploration, and Maine writers. This course may be retaken for credit under a different topic.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: EH 1113 

EH 2083 British Literature 
This course introduces students to English literature from the British tradition. Readings will vary according to instructor, but may include topics such as literature of the Middle Ages, the romantics and victorians, women writers, modernism, and post-Colonial literature. This course may be repeated for credit if a student chooses a different topic.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: EH 1113 

EH 2123 Advanced Oral Communication
This course deals with the advanced investigation and application of communication principles and theory in a variety of interpersonal and public communication settings. Attention is given to dyads, group dynamics, parliamentary procedure, persuasion, and the use of audiovisual equipment.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: EH 1053, PH 2113 or PR 1023

EH 2213 Introduction to Environmental Writing
From poetry to nonfiction -- from Gary Snyder to Rachel Carson--environmental writing remains the most widely influential method for advocating on behalf of the environment. This course gives students the opportunity to practice environmental writing and to read exemplary works. Students may study and produce environmental fiction, non-fiction, and poetry.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: EH 1113 

EH 3013 Mythology and the Bible as Backgrounds to Literature
Selected readings from Homer, Plato, The Old Testament, The New Testament, Ovid, and Virgil are supplemented by material in Norse, Greek, and Roman mythology.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: IC 1111 or IC 1113 Alternate years odd

EH 3063 Shakespeare 
This course includes a close reading and discussion of six or seven of the plays, usually A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, and Twelfth Night. Lectures on background, Shakespeare’s life, and the plays alternate with discussion.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: EH 1113, IC 1113 or IC 1111 Alternate years even

EH 3213 Topics in Professional and Technical Writing 
This course prepares students for professional writing in their disciplines by developing skills in writing, editing, graphics, document design, and the management of data and other resources. Students will have the opportunity to learn about the variety of writing demands in various disciplines and occupations. They will also have the opportunity to create a variety of reports, documents, and web pages related the their own research and career plans. Course topics may include: science writing, grant and report writing, NGO writing, written communication in business, and writing for the web.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: EH 1113

EH 3333 Environmental Journalism
Ours is a time of environmental concern, but also commonly referred to as the “information age.”  Most people get their information about the environment from the news media, whether in print, on-line or on television. This class will grant participants and opportunity to grapple with both the techniques and issues involved in environmental journalism. Students will read and write real-world, environmentally focused newspaper, newsletter or magazine articles.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: EH 1113 Alternate years odd

EH 4243 Seminar: Special Topics 
This seminar offers students the opportunity to engage in in-depth study of a specific topic or author. Topics will be dictated by student or instructor interest, but they may include: Chaucer, film studies, modernism, literary theory, or comparative literature. This course may be retaken for credit under a different topic.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: EH 1113 and IC 1223 Alternate years even

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
ES 1001 Scuba Diving
The PADI Open Water course introduces you to the basics of Scuba Diving, including dive theory, equipment, and the underwater world and environment. You learn diving in a swimming pool, starting in shallow water, eventually spending time having fun in deep water by the end of the course. After the academic and confined water training, you complete your certification by making four dives in open water. Successful PADI certification is required to pass the course.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: Marine Biology major, ability to swim 200m/yds, and
   ability to float/tread water for 10 minutes.
Fee:  $400-$600

ES  1031  Introduction to Global Positioning Systems (GPS)
This course is designed to provide students with the opportunity to use GPS devices for data collection and mapping. As this technology becomes more and more commonplace it is important that students be exposed to the underlying theories and limitations as well as the applications. Planning of projects, collecting the data, correcting that data, and utilizing it in the appropriate mapping and/or GIS software will be incorporated into the content of the course.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None (7 weeks only)

ES 2013 Interpersonal Relations 
This course introduces problem encounters with the public and prepares the student for situations which occur in dealing with people. Particular emphasis will be put on learning to listen, problem solving, and maintaining control at all times. This will be accomplished through studying and discussing cases that present situations which may be encountered in the field. Role playing will be a required part of class participation.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: EH 1053, PR 1023 or PH 2113

ES 3013 Oceanography
In this course physical, chemical, geological, and biological processes in the sea will be investigated. Topics will include plate tectonics, properties of seawater, waves, primary productivity, detrital cycling, and the role of oceanic currents in affecting global climate.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: Junior status Alternate years even beginning 2008

ES 4013 Senior Thesis
In BI 3003 Research Methods you completed an extensive literature review, formulated a hypothesis, and designed a statistically appropriate way to support or not support your hypothesis. In this course you will collect the prescribed data. You will then analyze and interpret your findings under the guidance of your two advisors. Once the finished thesis has been written up for publication, you will present your findings to Unity College faculty and students.
Credits: 3 Offered anytime
Prerequisites:  BI 3003

ES 4501 Seminar 
This course examines topics in the environmental sciences, such as aspects of forestry and wildlife, fisheries, energy, agriculture, geology, photography, and planning. Intended for juniors and seniors only.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: As dictated by current topic. May be taken more than once.

ES 4544 Environmental Analysis 
All of the physical processes which interact with the environment are covered at a more advanced level. The laboratory portion will include a major environmental project related to topics in aquatic chemistry, atmospheric chemistry, geochemistry, and solid and hazardous wastes.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: CH 1114, BI 1014, GL 2003, and Junior status Alternate years odd 
Forestry

FY 1011 Chainsaw Safety, Maintenance, and Use
The chainsaw is one of the basic tools used for wood harvesting, line clearance, tree work, camp and trail maintenance work. Because numerous people are killed and injured while operating a saw it is important that people training to work in many of the outdoor fields be familiar with the safe and efficient use of a chainsaw. Students after spending some time viewing safety videos and reviewing operational procedures will be felling, limbing, and bucking trees as well as learning about some basic maintenance techniques out in the woods.
Credits: 1 Offered May session and Term I
Prerequisite: None Alternate years odd

FY 1002 Forest and Habitat Field Practices
This will emphasize training in common field techniques and skills required by a variety of natural resource management professions. Students will receive training in making and recording appropriate observations, measurements and estimations on vegetation, habitats, land features, etc, by utilizing maps and aerial photographs. Topics covered include pacing, taping, area determination, field notes organization and recording, boundary survey, hand compass, silvics and tree identification, tree measurements, stand measurements, and habitat evaluation as well as field use of map and aerial photographs.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: LR 1123

FY 1163 Forest Fire Prevention and Control 
This is a course for students interested in forest fire; its effects, prevention, and control. Up to 1/3 of lectures will be spent viewing videos and training films. Students may participate in hands-on training, fire line construction, and pump and hose setups.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

FY 2424 Forest Measurements 
This course, combined with FY 1012 and FY 1022, forms the core of the principal job-related skills for a forestry technician. General scaling and cruising techniques are examined in addition to specific State of Maine regulations concerning the measurement of forest products.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: LR 1123 or concurrent enrollment Alternate years even

FY 3524 Forest Harvesting and Environmental Regulations
This course provides a contemporary perspective on timber harvesting and related environmental regulations in the northeast, particularly in central Maine. Student activities will focus on observations of regional harvesting activities, preparation of harvesting plans, planning for layout and supervision of harvesting activities, as well as the inspection and evaluation of forestry regulations and best management practices in the field.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: FY 2424 or Junior status Alternate years odd

FY 3544 Silviculture 
Silviculture is defined as the art and science of tending forest stands to maintain and improve productivity by controlling species composition, stocking levels, tree quality and site factors. Through stand examination where the appropriate data is collected, then analyzed and alternative actions are evaluated; student will develop an understanding of developing silvicultural prescriptions to achieve a variety of stand objectives. Silvicultural practices for mature and immature stands, hardwood and softwood stands common in the northeast will be emphasized. Topics covered include thinning, timber stand improvement, regeneration, site preparation, herbicide selection, and use as well as genetically improved tree culture.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: FY 1002 or Junior status

FY 4794 Forest Management 
Given a variety of classroom exercises and field trips, students will progress through the development of a forest management plan. The college’s own lands as well as other public and private woodlots will provide areas for study. Forest management activities and sustainable multiple uses appropriate for small, private ownerships will be emphasized. Students will be encouraged to utilize available software and websites for obtaining data, maps and management guidelines to be incorporated into their own plans. Additionally field trips to a variety of publicly and privately managed forests in the area will provide students with an overview of current forest management activities in the region.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: FY 3544 or Junior status Alternate years even

FRENCH
1003 Elementary French I 
This is an introductory course in the basic structure and vocabulary of French. Emphasis is placed on the practical use of spoken and written language. Active student participation is stressed.
Credits: 3 Offered by arrangement
Prerequisite: None

GENDER STUDIES
GS 1023 Introduction to Women’s Studies
This course offers a brief glimpse into the lives and histories of women in the modern Western world. Students will read writings by and about women, paying particular attention to depictions of women in pop culture, biology vs. gender, and cultural otherness. Throughout the semester, special attention will be given to understanding the development of the women’s movement, the rich and varied experiences of women from different ethnic backgrounds, and personal reflection on our own experiences and histories. Students may be expected to complete a service project for this course.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

GEOGRAPHY
GY 1003 Geography 
Geography describes, relates, and explains both the natural and cultural features that distinguish different areas on the face of the earth. At the same time geography is concerned with the phenomena of continual change: the ways people modify their environments as reflections of changes in cultural values and levels of technology; and the ways the physical environment presents opportunities and constraints for human development.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

GEOLOGY
GL 1003 Physical Geology
This course investigates earth history and interpretation and is designed for individuals who might become park naturalists or outdoor recreationists. It investigates earth materials and geological time; the birth and death of continents and mountain ranges. Field trips are to scenic areas in Maine that serve as natural interpretive laboratories.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

GL 1013 Weather and Climate 
A study of the atmosphere in its changing moods of storm and fair weather. Seasonal variations, sunsets, rainbows, mirages, halos, northern lights, dew, frost, fog, clouds, rain, snow, hail, thunderstorms, tornadoes, and hurricanes will be reviewed. The atmosphere in motion on a local, regional, and global scale, air masses and storm fronts, the jet stream and weather forecasting, and global climate and change will also be studied.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

GL 2003 Geology of Environmental Problems 
The course covers aspects of the physical environment that have a physical impact on people. This includes hazardous earth processes, groundwater hydrology, examination of soil profiles, and waste water disposal. Laboratories involve the analysis of an environmental problem in the Unity area. Students will write a term paper that integrates lectures and readings from the course text and assigned readings with field investigations and laboratory analyses.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

GL 3044 Surface and Groundwater Hydrology
Water is essential to life. People, vegetation, and ecosystems flourish when there is a plentiful supply of clean water available in a regulated manner. Water flow on both the surface and in the ground is of importance to the fields of environmental pollution and waste management, water supply for individuals and cities, forestry, lake investigation, and range management among other environmental fields. This course addresses the occurrence, distribution, movement, and chemistry of waters, as well as the interrelationships of geologic materials and processes with water.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: MA 1223, CH 1104, GL 1003 or GL 2003 Alternate years even

GL 3433 Soil Science: Principles and Applications 
Soil Science looks at the evolution of soils as the interaction of landscape-forming processes with soil-forming processes. Soil classification, determination of soil nutrients, the relationship of nutrients to plant and animal growth, utilization of soil surveys, soil cation exchange properties, and landform-soil analysis using maps are practical activities carried out in laboratories.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: CH 1104

HISTORY
HY 2103 Creative History  
This course provides an introduction to the creative arts of history. Students study historical novels and films, gather oral histories, explore storytelling, work with original documents and artifacts, and visit living history museums. Students create their own original histories by researching, writing, and telling history-based stories.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

HY 3313 Special Themes in History
Each version of this course will focus on a theme of special interest to Unity College students. Examples include the history of: animals and humans; explorations and adventure; science; conservation and environmental ideas; the American nation, etc. Each course will combine in-depth discussion, readings, films, research, and writing. This course may be repeated for credit under a different topic.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: Sophomore status or consent 

INTERDISCIPLINARY CORE
IC 1111  The Unity Transfer Experience
Unity College transfer students will work with a small group of other first semester students to get settled, oriented, and (most of all) involved. Among other things, students will identify campus and community resources, establish a support network, engage in community collaboration. This course requires participation in regular experiential labs, the NOVA wilderness experience, and a community collaboration project.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: At least 24 college credits accepted in transfer or
   at least 22 years of age

IC 1113  The Unity Experience 
First time Unity College students will work with a small group of other first semester students to get settled, oriented, and (most of all) involved. Among other things, students will identify campus and community resources, establish a support network, engage in community collaboration, explore your major, and ask a lot of questions. This course requires participation in regular experiential labs, NOVA wilderness experience, and a community collaboration project.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None
 
IC 2213 The Environmental Citizen: Topics
Let’s get something done. Work together with classmates, faculty, and community members to identify a pressing environmental concern, investigate the issue, imagine ways to help, and then help. Topics vary with instructor; examples include “Citizen Science,” featuring scientific monitoring of species and ecosystems; “Investigating Issues and Actions,” featuring environmental controversies; and “Landscape Conservation,” featuring service learning with local land trusts and other groups. Each semester, supplementary course descriptions detailing the topics offered are published in the course schedule.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisites: IC 1111 or IC 1113 and Sophomore status

IC 3013 Environmental Sustainability
In this course students apply ecological principles to human society. Students develop skills in critical analysis, quantitative reasoning, and use of information technology to solve problems and analyze issues. This course serves as a primary vehicle for meeting learning outcomes for the domains of science and social science.
Credits:  3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisites:  IC 2213 and Junior Status

IC 3113 Environmental Challenge
What inspires you? In this course students are challenged to action by accomplished individuals and great ideas. Through a speaker series and small group discussions, students preparing to make a difference are given the rare opportunity to spend some time in the presence of a wide range of people who already have had an impact. Inspirational speakers change from year to year, but might include mountain climbers, ecological theologians, environmental activists, big game hunters, and animal rights activists.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: IC 2213 and Junior status

LANDSCAPE HORTICULTURE
LH 1002  Plant Health Care
In this field course students will experience various aspects of plant health care such as soil sampling, fertilization, pruning, diagnosis, and treatment.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None 

LH 1013  Sustainable Landscape Horticulture
In this introductory course students learn to design and maintain landscapes and to apply principles of sustainability to home, community, and campus landscapes. Among other activities, students may install plants, maintain planting beds, prune, compost, test soil, fertilize, and design landscapes.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None 

LH 2113  Sustainable Agriculture Practicum
This course will introduce students to the philosophies, agroecological bases, and practicalities of sustainable small-scale, diversified farming. Students will gain a firm foundation in the theoretical concepts of sustainable agriculture, but the emphasis of the course will be on the practical tools, techniques, and knowledge necessary to operate a successful small-scale, sustainable farm. Classroom instruction and lecture will be supplemented and reinforced by work in Unity’s greenhouses and gardens and frequent field trips to local farms and other agricultural institutions, where students will learn from farmers and other agricultural professionals. The course is designed to prepare students for a farm-based internship.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Sophomore status

LH 2323  Herbaceous Ornamental and Produce Gardening
In this course students will learn to cultivate vegetables, herbs, and flowers in the home and market garden. Emphasis is placed on nomenclature, propagation, sustainable cultural methods, landscape uses, and identification of this group of plants.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None 

LH 3043 Arboriculture
In Arboriculture students learn to cultivate woody plants, particularly trees, based on knowledge of their structure, function, and growth requirements. Students will prune, cable, transplant, and use other treatment and diagnostic techniques. Students will learn technical climbing techniques and will be given the opportunity to practice these techniques in large shade trees.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None Alternate years odd

LH 3153  Landscape Design Studio
Building on aesthetic consideration addressed in previous courses, students will use landscape
design tools to experience the entire design process, from creating inventory overlay diagrams to complete concept, layout, grading, planting, and master plans.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: AR 2123 or LH 1013 

LH 3173  Plant Insects and Diseases
This course is a study of the insects and other organisms that feed on or otherwise inure plants commonly grown in gardens, parks, streets, and forests. Monitoring and treatment techniques will be discussed. Students will develop pest management strategies for specific trees.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: BI 1014
 
LH 3363  Soil Fertility
Healthy ecosystems require healthy soil. In this course students learn about soil chemical and biological characteristics and how they relate to plant nutrition in built-environment landscapes. Plant uptake mechanisms for nutrients, the roles of organic matter and soil microorganisms in soil ecosystems, use of soil amendments, and nutrient cycling issues are addressed. Students will devise management recommendations for specific sites and plants.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: CH 1114 Alternate years odd 

LH 4084  Sustainable Landscape Horticulture Experience
Students will develop a portfolio of finished proposals, reports, designs, and plans for a project tailored to meet the objectives of an outside party. For example, students may work with municipal planners for a nearby community to develop a community garden, park, or community forest.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: LH or PR Seniors 

LEARNING RESOURCES
LR 1013 Fundamentals of Writing
This developmental writing course emphasizes the composition of clear and effective sentences, paragraphs, and short essays. Students devote a portion of each class period to writing.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: Placement determined by diagnostic testing
   
LR 1113 Elementary Algebra 
Elementary Algebra is the first course in the algebra sequence. It is designed for students with little or no background in algebra. Topics include signed numbers, polynomials, rational expressions, first degree equations, word problems, functions, slope, and the graphing of linear equations.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: Placement

LR 1123 Intermediate Algebra 
This is the second course in the algebra sequence. It is expected that students taking this course can perform operations with signed numbers and algebraic expressions, and can solve linear  equations. Topics included rational expressions, functions, graphing, systems of linear equations,  radicals, quadratic equations, and word problems.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisites: LR 1113 or exemption

MATHEMATICS
MA 1003  Finite Math
This course is designed to give students a wider appreciation of what mathematics is all about. Topics to be included may range through Set Theory, Logic, Numeration Systems, Number Theory, Probability, Statistics, Group Theory, and Topology. The course objective is for the student to experience mathematics as an exploratory, challenging, creative, and enjoyable discipline.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: LR 1113

MA 1223 Algebra and Trigonometry 
This course is a sequel to LR 1123 and concludes our algebra sequence. Students continue their study of algebra and analytical geometry, and begin their study of trigonometry. Further topics from algebra including exponential and logarithmic functions, along with introductory topics from trigonometry including circular functions, trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions, and solutions to right and oblique triangles will be studied. The course is designed to develop an understanding of the topics from algebra and trigonometry essential to the study of calculus.
Credits: 3 Offered Semesters I and II
Prerequisite: LR 1123

MA 2243 Statistics I 
This course deals with various introductory topics from probability and statistics with emphasis on the interpretation of experimental data. Students will study descriptive statistics, probability distributions, and inferential statistics (tests of hypotheses). In addition, students will actually do statistics using technology tools such as the TI-83 calculator, Microsoft Excel, and the campus wide statistics package JMP.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: LR 1123 or MA 1003

MA 2333 Calculus I 
Calculus is the mathematics of change. Calculus I deals with an introduction and treatment of the major concepts and techniques of differential calculus. The topics students will study include functions, limits, and derivatives of polynomial, logarithmic, exponential, trigonometric, and composite functions, along with applications of differentiation.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: MA 1223

MA 3253 Statistics II 
This course is for students who wish to continue their study of statistics. The topics to be studied  fall under the general heading of inferential statistics or tests of hypotheses. These statistical tests include t-tests, Z-tests, chi-square tests, analysis of variance, regression and correlation (linear and nonlinear), along with various nonparametric tests including the sign test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann Whitney U Test, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Throughout the course, students will use technology tools such as the TI-83 calculator, Microsoft Excel, and the campus-wide statistics package JMP to supplement and enhance the classroom material.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: MA 2243

MA 3263 Biometry 
Biometry, biological statistics, or quite simply biostatistics, is the application of statistical methods to the solution of biological problems. Topics to be studied include: the design and analysis of biological experiments and surveys; the collection, organization, and quantification of biological data; the statistical principles underlying the management of biological data; and the use of technology tools such as the TI-83 calculator, the CD entitled Field Guide to Statistics Using Excel by Barry Woods, and the campus wide statistics package JMP to analyze the data and to present conclusions.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: MA 2243 

MA 3443 Calculus II 
The study of  calculus continues with students being introduced to the main topics of integral calculus. The fundamental theorem of calculus, antidifferentiation, definite and indefinite integrals, techniques and applications of integration, along with sequences, series, and differential equations are the topics to be studied. Throughout this course, students will use software packages to supplement and enhance the classroom material. Calculus is a tool of great importance, and a basic understanding of it is prerequisite for further study in nearly all branches of higher mathematics.
Credits: 3 Offered by arrangement
Prerequisite: MA 2333 

OUTDOOR STUDIES
OS 1004  American Outdoor Experience 
Through hands-on exercises, students explore the work of the stewards of the outdoor experiences that people everywhere cherish and celebrate. This course introduces students to the Adventure Education Leadership, Adventure Therapy, Parks, Recreation and Ecotourism, and Environmental
Education degree programs and includes field instruction in outdoor skills activities. Weekend field trips are required.
Credits: 4 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

OS 1061 Map and Compass
This 7 week course is designed to provide students with the opportunity to learn and develop map and compass skills. Specific skills and knowledge include reading and understanding maps, and land navigation techniques. The fall offering of the course is taught exclusively as part of the Outward Bound/Unity College Immersive semester program. This course may include an off-campus field trip.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None

OS 2023 Wilderness First Responder
This class is taught as an intensive experience 10-day course either in May session on the Unity College campus or as an addendum to the Outward Bound/Unity College Immersive Semester program in the fall. It is a course in emergency medical care that addresses the issues of long-term patient care, backcountry rescue techniques, and survival skills. This is a profession-focused course for those individuals who will be working with groups in backcountry settings. Participants who successfully complete the course will be certified in Wilderness First Responder and C.P.R.
Credits: 3 Offered: Semester I or May Sessions
Prerequisite: None
Fee:  $300-700 depending on location

OS 2122 Professional Development and Supervisory Ethics 
This course will examine professional ethics and standards. Students will have the opportunity to develop and improve application strategies, interview techniques, resume, and portfolio development. Seminar topics about the work behavior of individuals and groups, including work motivation, leadership, personnel planning, decision-making, job training, recruitment, rating and evaluation, control of the work force, and specific investigation of the differences between leadership and management.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: None Alternate years even

OS 3132  Community Practices
Students in this service-learning course contribute to local community projects and activities in cooperation with the Office of Community Based Learning. Projects and activities normally vary, with some student serving existing programs while other students create, plan, and/or lead new initiatives. All students provide a minimum of 5 hours of service per week, attend a weekly seminar, maintain a reflective practice journal, and complete a final semester paper, examination, and/or presentation. Students completing this course in order to fulfill a major program requirement also prepare a course portfolio with advice from their major program coordinator. Students repeating this course with variable content may earn up to 6 credits toward general degree requirements.
Credits: 2  Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: Sophomore status and consent

OS 3313  Program Planning
This course provides an overview of the role of program planning in wilderness programs, camps, outdoor education centers, and parks. It gives an in-depth experience in planning an education or recreational program appropriate for outdoor recreation, park managers, and environmental educators. Students design and write programs which include components such as goals and objectives, schedules, lesson plans, risk management, facility needs, equipment needs, budget, and evaluation.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: OS 1004 or AE 2003, IC 3113 (may be taken concurrently), Junior status

OS 4203  Research and Evaluation Methods in Social Sciences
This course covers basic understanding, evaluation, and interpretation of social science research, and studies scientific methods of research planning, conducting, and reporting research. The primary focus is on quantitative research, but qualitative methods are also studied.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: IC 2113, MA 2243, and Junior status Alternate years odd

OS 4333  Administration and Operations
This course is designed to give students of public administrative operations an opportunity to evaluate management systems, strategies, and policies. Students will conduct administrative operations, prepare reports, and respond to situations that might occur in those preparing to enter the outdoor studies fields of study.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: EH 1113, IC 1223, and Junior status

PARKS, RECREATION, AND ECOTOURISM
PR 1023  Interpretation of Natural and Cultural Heritage
Students will create personal interpretive programs while practicing basic oral communication methods. Completion of this course helps eligible students become Certified Interpretive Guides under National Association for Interpretation standards.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None

PR 2123  Ecotourism
Students will explore a wide range of possible ecotourism activities, including traditional outdoor activities like hiking, canoeing, hunting and fishing, and traditional touring experiences like scenic drives, shopping for local goods, and visiting local natural and cultural sites. Comparisons between standard tourism practices and development politics with ecotourism principles form the basis for creative student projects that explore new ways of conducting more sustainable tourism. Special attention to the relationship between resource management agencies and private for profit business.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Sophomore status Alternate years even

PR 3213  Visitor and Resource Protection
The course will examine roles of visitor and resource protection, law enforcement, search and rescue, fee collection, and special operations. Students will participate in field operations in addition to classroom sessions.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Junior status Alternate years odd

PR 4123  Interpretive Methods
Students will critically examine the wide variety of personal and nonpersonal interpretive methods used by organizations that deliver natural, cultural, and/or historical interpretation programs. Working in teams, students design effective interpretation programs that include personal presentations, exhibits and publications, and then present them to public audiences.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: PR 1023 Alternate years odd

PR 4223  Park Planning, Design, and Maintenance
This course is designed to acquaint students with park planning principles and procedures. Students will work through the major phases of facility design. The lab section in this class will provide students with hands-on experience in the park and open space planning process.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Senior status or consent
Philosophy

PH 1003  Introduction to Philosophy
This course introduces students to the roles and functions of philosophy as an academic discipline, including the ways people see, interpret, and react to the world. Students reflect critically on such topics as the nature of truth, reality, justice, beauty, and morality; they also study the lives, work, and contributions of several of the most influential philosophers.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

PH 2113 Moral Communication 
What do you say about genetic engineering, sexual morality, cheating, propaganda, eco-terrorism, gossip, and recreational drug use? In this oral intensive class, you will consider the hard moral questions of our day while practicing listening, debate, presentation, and conversation skills. Develop your capacity for information evaluation, organization, facilitation, argument, and consensus-building while engaging in the philosophical practice of critical thinking, values clarification, and moral reasoning.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

PH 3313 Special Topics in Philosophy
Why should I bother? Are humans inherently good (or evil)? Am I free to choose my life’s course? Does god exist? Is suicide always wrong? Some questions are easier to answer than others. This course offers students a chance to take on some of the really tough and most interesting ones. The course topic will change in response to student and instructor interest. The topic for a given semester might be religious philosophies, existentialism, eastern philosophy, bio-medical ethics, personal identity, philosophy and literature, or postmodernism. This course may be retaken for credit under a different topic.
Credits: 3 
Prerequisites: EH 1113 and Sophomore status or consent Offered Semester II

PH 3323 Philosophy and Literature: Topics
When great ideas meet fantastic imagination life-changing works emerge. This topics class examines philosophical themes in and through literary works like short-stories, songs, comics, graffiti, and film. Themes change with sections and the course can be taken multiple times for credits. Topics might include questioning reality, existentialism, feminism, and/or the American dream of personal identity. This course may be repeated for credit under a different topic.
Credits: 3  Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: EH 1113 and Sophomore status or consent Alternate years even

PHYSICS
PS 2303 General Physics I 
The first in a two-semester sequence, this course focuses on energy and mechanics. Topics covered include motion and force. The associated laboratory section includes both hands-on and computerized explorations.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: MA 1223

PS 2313 General Physics II 
The second part of a two-semester sequence, this course examines the concepts of sound, electricity, optics, and modern physics.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: PS 2303

POLITICAL SCIENCE
PL 1013 American Democracy 
This course traces the evolution of American democracy with special focus on citizen associations, competing interest groups, constitutional law, and the expansion of executive government. Using historical and contemporary case studies, including the American Revolution, continental and global expansion, progressivism and environmentalism, students study how the basic legal and political structures of American democracy limit and direct the pace and direction of change.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

PL 2013 State and Local Government 
The role and relationship of the state, county, city, and town government in the American political system are discussed. This course will emphasize urban and important New England issues (such as land use) and include visits to the Maine State capitol for interviews.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

PL 2033 World Politics 
This is the study of the basic concepts in relations among the world’s nations and forces that exist beyond the nation-state. Topics include nationalism, revolution, global corporations, security, the United Nations, arms limitations, and natural resource management in developing countries.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None Alternate years odd

PL 2313 Wildlife and Natural Resource Regulation
This course surveys the regulatory processes employed by the major federal environmental management agencies (BLM, EPA, NPS, USFS, USFWS), and their counterparts in various states, but particularly in Maine. Students learn how interest groups, citizens, and the courts influence the management of environmental and land resource problems. Wildlife, land management, and pollution regulations are first surveyed and then more deeply examined using case studies of important statutes such as the Endangered Species Act, the various land management acts, or the National Environmental Protection Act and its subsidiary laws.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: Sophomore status or consent

PL 3233 Environmental Resource Law 
Students will read federal and state laws establishing priorities for the use, conservation, and preservation of environmental resources. Included are critical study of the National Environmental Policy Act, Wilderness Act, Antiquities Act, Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, Natural Resources Protection Act, and related cases and materials on land preservation and use, multiple use forest regulation, water rights, and wildlife restoration. Students practice legal argumentation and reasoning by assuming advocacy and policy making roles for contending recreational, extraction, development, and environmental interests.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: PL 1013 or PL 2013 or Junior status or consent 

PL 3413 Advocacy, Ethics, and the Environment 
How can we persuade others to help us protect the environment? Do the ends justify the means? This course offers the theoretical and practical groundwork needed to evaluate goals and put ideas in action. Students learn how to plan campaigns, build coalitions, conduct focus groups, select and influence audiences, and create and deliver effective messages. Students will discuss ethical issues and plan an actual advocacy campaign. A field trip may be required.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: Sophomore status

PL 4313 Economic and Quantitative Analysis of Environmental Policy
This course examines important technical problems of environmental regulation and planning. Students examine standard quantitative techniques, such as basic macro- and microeconomic analysis for policy-making, and cost-benefit analysis, as well as specialized environmental techniques such as risk assessment, pollution trading, carbon taxation, and more. The course also includes detailed qualitative treatment of current problems and cases such as the New England climate change response or the Stern Review on the economics of climate change.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: MA 1223, MA 2243 or consent Alternate years even

PL 4413 Natural Resource Policy 
How do our governments deal with society’s effects on the natural world and with the environment’s effects on humans?  The purpose of the course is to help students develop ways and means to investigate this question. Students explore issues and conduct policy analysis in areas such as water resource management, global climate change, environmental justice, recreational access, and coastal fisheries conservation. The course features guest lectures by outside experts, field trips, and policy research projects designed to make a difference in the real world.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: Junior/Senior status

PSYCHOLOGY
PY 1003 Introduction to Psychology for Teaching and Learning 
This course integrates psychological principles with strategies for effective instruction. The knowledge base permeating good teaching will be explored by focusing on the childhood and adolescent development as espoused in the theories of Piaget, Erickson and Kohlberg; behavior, cognitive and social learning theories; children with exceptional abilities and intelligence testing. Students will learn to apply the principles of psychology to their learning and future teaching through readings and discussions.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

PY 1013 Introduction to Psychology 
This course is a survey of psychology as a science of behavior. Topics include basic principles underlying behavior and experience, learning, human development, motivation, personality, and psychotherapies.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

PY 2013 Human Development 
This course is a survey of development of the person across the entire age span from conception to death. For each stage physiological, intellectual, social, emotional, and psychological aspects of growth are studied. Emphasis will be placed upon environmental influences that can promote the individual’s growth and development.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: PY 1003 or PY 1013 Alternate years odd

PY 2113 Group Process 
The basic principles of small group interaction will be explored in both didactic and experiential components of the course. Topics will include listening skills, values clarification, group problem solving, group communication models, stages of group development, debriefing techniques, semantics, leadership models, and transition. Some emphasis will be placed on aspects of group process in a wilderness setting. This course may include a field experience. The fall offering of this course is taught exclusively as a part of the Outward Bound/Unity College Immersion Semester program.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I at Outward Bound and Semester II
Prerequisites: PY 1003 or PY 1013 and Sophomore status
Fee: $100

PY 3013 Human Sexuality
This course will examine multiple aspects of the subject area on human sexuality. Students will gain an understanding of this topic from psychosocial and physiological perspectives. Specific areas to be studied will include sexuality and popular culture, dimensions of gender, and male and female sexual anatomy. Various forms of intimacy and sexual expression in different cultures will be explored as well as atypical sexual behaviors and forms of sexual coercion, including harassment, aggression, and abuse.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: PY 1003 or PY 1013 Alternate years even

PY 3123 Educational Psychology
This course examines the nature of learning and instruction in considerable depth. It emphasizes theories and research and covers diverse material related to how people think, learn, and develop, including language, cognition, motivation, and memory. It also covers skills essential to effective teaching; developing instructional strategies, planning and managing classroom activities, and assessing student learning. This course includes both lecture and experiential components and both individual and collaborative projects. Students are required to complete eight hours of observation in an educational setting.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: PY 1003 or PY 1013

PY 3133 Abnormal Psychology 
This course offers an in-depth study of various theoretical perspectives on psychological disorders, including psychosis, depression, anxiety, psychoactive substance use, and disorders of childhood and adolescence. Bio-genetic, socio-cultural, and psychological theories of abnormality are examined, as are corresponding modes of treatment.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisites: PY 1003 or PY 1013

SPANISH
SP 1003 Elementary Spanish I 
This course is an introduction to the use of the Spanish language with its emphasis on communication without neglecting the skills of reading, writing, and an awareness of Hispanic culture. Throughout the course there are hands-on communicative activities which involve pair and group work, the use of an integrated workbook/laboratory cassette program, classroom use of overhead transparencies, computer software for student troubleshooting, and a video program correlated to the core text.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even
Sociology

SY 1013 Introduction to Sociology 
This is an introduction to the study of human society and culture with major sociological concepts such as social behavior, social structure, socialization, and stratification. This course is for the beginning student in social sciences.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I
Prerequisite: None

SY 2013 Criminology 
This course introduces the development of criminology theory from a historical perspective through current developments. Particular emphasis will be put on the impact of criminological theory on the development of laws and our national concept of punishment and rehabilitation.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None

SY 3183 Social Problems 
Students will analyze selected social issues (world hunger, poverty, overpopulation, sexism, corporate power, etc.) from conservative, liberal, and radical perspectives. The course will involve theories of social problems, issue-oriented research, and field work.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisite: None Alternate years even

WILDLIFE
WF 1001 North American Wildlife Identification 
This introductory laboratory class emphasizes the identification of over 100 selected game and non-game species of North America by external morphology, wings, skulls, vocalizations, and indirect sign (tracks, scat, etc.). May be taken concurrently or separately from WF 2132.
Credits: 1 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: None

WF 2132 North American Wildlife 
This introductory course covers the taxonomy, morphology, ecology, physiology, and behavior of selected game and nongame species of North America with an emphasis on Maine species. Lectures introduce basic principles of wildlife management including population growth and regulation, carrying capacity, habitat needs, ecological niches, animal behavior, and other fundamental ecological principles. This course may be taken concurrently or separately from WF 1001.
Credits: 2 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: EH 1113

WF 2433 Wildlife Techniques 
This course is designed to give instruction and practices in a variety of laboratory and field methods used to conduct and evaluate resource management and research. Assumptions, biases, and problems associated with various techniques, as well as analysis of data, interpretation, and application of results will be discussed. Topics covered include scientific writing and research, public relations, bird and mammal capture techniques, sexing and aging, radiotelemetry, food habits analysis, habitat assessment and manipulation, home range estimation, survival estimation, and population estimating techniques.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester I and II
Prerequisite: MA 2243 or concurrent enrollment

WF 4613 Wildlife Ecology and Management 
This course is designed to teach principles of ecology as they are applied to the practices of wildlife management. It examines the interactions of wildlife, the environment, and humans from a biological, ecological, economic, political, and social perspective. As the final and most important course in the wildlife curriculum, the course requires students to gather, synthesize, and interpret information.
Credits: 3 Offered Semester II
Prerequisites: BI 2004, MA 2243, and Junior status